Polyunsaturated fats (such as sunflower and sesame oil) contain linoleic acid. Linoleic is converted by the body into gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and arachidonic acid. These play an important role in inflammatory processes, the immune system and hormone balance. They are also important for proper brain functioning, so supplementation may aid memory and concentration problems. Unfortunately some people are unable to convert linoleic acid into GLA, so need to take a GLA supplement. Starflower oil, also called borage seed oil, is one of the best supplements for this purpose, as it contains high levels of GLA - better than evening primrose oil or blackcurrant seed oil.
Symptoms of GLA deficiency may include dry skin, extreme thirst for no medical reason, hyperactivity in children and premenstrual syndrome. Children and to some extent adults who are deficient in GLA may have small 'bumps' on their upper arms.
